American military
Robert N. Adams (1835–1914), American Brevet Brigadier General during the American Civil War
Robert S. Beightler (1892–1978), American military officer, major General, military governor of Okinawa, War Department General Staff, commander of the 37th Infantry Division
Robert C. Bradshaw (1840–1927), American Brevet Brigadier General during the American Civil War
Robert C. Buchanan (1811–1878), American military officer, one of the principal commanders of Black Hawk War and Rogue River Wars
Robert Lee Bullard (1861–1947), senior officer in the United States Army during World War I
Robert L. Eichelberger (1886–1961), general officer in the United States Army who commanded the Eighth United States Army in the Southwest Pacific Area during World War II
Robert L. Ghormley (1883–1958), admiral in the United States Navy, serving as Commander of South Pacific Area during World War II
Robert H. Harrison (1745-1790), American lieutenant colonel of the Continental Army
Robert Hoke (1837–1912), Confederate major general during the American Civil War
Robert B. Johnston (1937–2023), retired United States Marine Corps lieutenant general whose last duty assignment was as Commander, Marine Forces Atlantic Marine Forces Europe and II Marine Expeditionary Force
Robert E. Lee (1807–1870), American and Confederate general, supreme commander of the Confederate States Army during American Civil War
Robert A. Lewis (1917–1983), United States Army Air Forces officer serving in the Pacific Theatre during World War II, one of the pilots of the Enola G
Robert McGowan Littlejohn (1890–1982), major general in the United States Army, leader of War Assets Administration
Robert McDade (1922–2009), United States Army colonel,
Robert Mellard (1919–1976), United States Army sergeant who fought at the Battle of Monte Cassino
Robert C. Murphy (1827–1888), American colonel during the American Civil War
Robert "Robin" Olds Jr. (1922–2007), American fighter pilot and general officer in the U.S. Air Force
Robert Olds Sr. (1896–1943), general officer in the US Army Air Forces
Robert Patterson (general) (1792–1881), Irish-born United States major general during the American Civil War
Robert W. Porter Jr. (1908–2000), United States Army four-star general who served as Commander in Chief, United States Southern Command from 1965 to 1969
Robert Gould Shaw (1837–1863), American officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War, commander of the first all-African American regiment
Robert Sink (1905–1965), senior United States Army officer who fought during World War II, the Korean War, and early parts of the Vietnam War
Robert G. Smith (colonel) (1854-1923), American colonel of the Spanish–American War
Robert F. Stockton (1795–1866), United States Navy commodore, United States Senator from New Jersey, Military Governor of California
Robert Alfred Theobald (1884–1957), United States Navy officer who served in World War I and World War II, achiever of the rank of rear admiral, the air forces commander during Attack on Pearl Harbor
Robert F. Travis (1904–1950), United States Army Air Forces general during World War II
Robert Toombs (1810–1885), American lawyer, planter, army general, and politician from Georgia who became one of the organizers of the Confederacy and served as its first Secretary of State
Robert Treat (1624–1710), American colonial leader, militia officer and governor of the Connecticut Colony between 1683 and 1698 and the founder of Newark, New Jersey
Robert C. Tyler (1832–1865), Confederate brigadier general during the American Civil War
Robert O. Tyler (1831–1874), American soldier who served as a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War
British / Scottish military
Sir Robert Abercromby (1740–1827), British general
Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell (1857–1941), British Army officer, writer, founder and first Chief Scout of the world-wide Boy Scout Movement
Robert Blake (1598–1657), British Royal Navy officer and one of the most important military commanders of the Commonwealth of England
Robert Brooke-Popham (1878–1953), senior commander in the Royal Air Force and leader of Operation Matador (1941)
Robert Brownrigg (1758–1833), British statesman, general and soldier who brought the last part of Sri Lanka under British rule, Governors of British Ceylon, General Officer Commanding, Ceylon
Sir Robert Calder (1745–1818), British naval officer
Robert Henry Dick (1787–1846), Scottish soldier
Robert Rollo Gillespie (1766–1814), officer in the British Army
Robert Haining (1882–1959), British Army officer
Robert Peverell Hichens (1909–1943), British Lieutenant Commander and the most highly decorated officer of the Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve (RNVR)
Robert Kekewich (1854–1914), British Army officer
Sir Robert Mansell (1573–1656), English Royal Navy officer and a member of parliament (MP), mostly for Welsh constituencies
Robert Monckton (1726–1782), officer of the British Army and also a colonial administrator in British North America
Robert Monro (died 1680), Scottish general during Thirty Years' War
Sir Robert Moray (1608/09–1673), Scottish soldier, statesman, diplomat, judge, spy and natural philosopher, one of the founders of Royal Society and Freemasonry
Robert Munro, 18th Baron of Foulis (died 1633), known as the Black Baron, Scottish soldier and military warlord
Robert Orme (c. 1725–1781/1790), British soldier and military leader
Sir Robert Pigot, 2nd Baronet (1720–1796), British Army officer during the American Revolutionary War
Robert Rogers (1731–1795), American colonial frontiersman and officer in the British Army, commander of Rogers' Rangers
Robert Ross (1766–1814), officer in the British Army, born in Ireland
Robert Sale (1782–1845), British army officer
Sir Robert Stopford (1768–1847), distinguished officer in the Royal Navy
Robert Stanford Tuck (1916–1987), British fighter pilot, flying ace, and test pilot, member of the Royal Air Force, war hero of World War II
Robert Sturges (1891–1970), British Royal marine general
Robert "Roy" Urquhart (1901–1988), British Army officer
Robert Whittaker (1894–1967), City of London banker and a senior officer in Britain's part-time Territorial Army (TA), chief of staff at Anti-Aircraft Command during World War II
Australian military
Robert A. Little (1895–1918), World War I fighter pilot and the most successful Australian flying ace
German / Austrian military
Robert von Eggenberg (1546–1611), Austrian colonel-general
Robert Gysae (1911–1989), a German U-boat commander in the Kriegsmarine during World War II
Robert Ritter von Greim (1892–1945), German Field Marshal and pilot
Robert Kosch (1856–1942), Prussian general in the Imperial German army
Robert Zapp (1904–1964), German U-boat commander in World War II
Irish military
Robert Emmet (1778–1803), Irish Republican, orator and rebel leader
Cuban military
Roberto Rodriguez Fernandez (1935–1958), Cuban revolutionary
Italian military
Roberto Farinacci (1892–1945), leading Italian Fascist politician and important member of the Grand Council of Fascism, Secretary of National Fascist Party and one of the leading perpetrators of the Holocaust in Italy
French military
Robert Nivelle (1856–1924), French artillery officer who led the French forces during World War I as commander in-chief of French army
Russian military
Robert Bruce (1668–1720), first chief commander of Saint Petersburg
Robert Segercrantz (1808—1879), Russian general in the Russian Imperial army
Robert von Ungern-Sternberg (1886–1921), also known as The Mad Baron or The Bloody White Baron, Austrian-born, Russian Empire's Baltic German anti-Bolshevik lieutenant general in the Russian Civil War
Robert Viren (1857–1917), general, admiral and career naval officer in the Imperial Russian Navy in Russian Empire
