2010s: Breakthrough and American television
When Mitchell was 18 years old, she moved to Los Angeles, where she landed a role as recurring character Shaylee Michaels in the Disney Channel TV series Jessie. She then made her film debut by starring as the main character McKenzie "Mack" in the Disney Channel original movie Teen Beach Movie and reprised her role in Teen Beach 2. From 2013 to 2018, she starred in the ABC Family later Freeform drama series The Fosters as Callie Jacob, who would later change names to Callie Adams Foster. During the show's fifth and last season, it was announced that Mitchell and Cierra Ramirez would be spun off into their own series, titled Good Trouble, which premiered in January 2019. She received critical acclaim for her performance in the series, with Brad Newsome of The Sydney Morning Herald calling her "a standout", writing "Young Australian Maia Mitchell is terrific again in this sequel series to The Fosters [...] The hugely likeable Mitchell continues to grow as a perceptive, multi-faceted actor whose best work is yet to come." Mitchell was a main cast member until the second episode of the fourth season, when she chose to return to her native Australia during the 2022 Australian flood crisis, before later returning with guest roles in the fifth season. Mitchell and Ramirez also served as executive producers of Good Trouble.
Also in 2018, she collaborated with Rudy Mancuso for the song "Magic".