Princess Zelda is a character in Nintendo's The Legend of Zelda video game series. She was created by Shigeru Miyamoto for the original 1986 game The Legend of Zelda. As one of the central characters in the series, she has appeared in the majority of the games in various incarnations. Zelda is the elf-like Hylian princess of the kingdom of Hyrule, an associate of the series protagonist Link, and bearer of the Triforce of Wisdom.
Zelda's role has often been that of a damsel in distress or donor who assists Link. In many games, she is captured by the antagonist Ganon, necessitating Link to come to her rescue. In several games she is one of the Sages whose heroism is essential to defeating Ganon; in others, like Ocarina of Time and The Wind Waker, she adopts alternative personas to take a more active role in the story. In Skyward Sword, her first incarnation is revealed to be the mortal form of the goddess Hylia, establishing the bloodline of the goddess and giving her descendants a range of magical powers. In Echoes of Wisdom, she is featured as the playable protagonist.
Zelda has been described as one of the most recognisable princesses in video gaming. She has appeared in branded merchandise, comics and manga, and an animated television series. In addition to The Legend of Zelda series, she has appeared as a playable character in a number of spin-off games and other game series, including Hyrule Warriors, Cadence of Hyrule, Hyrule Warriors: Age of Calamity, Hyrule Warriors: Age of Imprisonment, and the Super Smash Bros. series. Critics have responded positively to her development into a strong female character and have listed her as one of the greatest female video game characters of all time.
Contents
Concept and creation
Characterisation
According to Shigeru Miyamoto, co-creator of The Legend of Zelda series, Princess Zelda's name was inspired by Zelda Fitzgerald, an American novelist, dancer, and socialite, as well as the wife of fellow novelist F. Scott Fitzgerald. Miyamoto had decided to name the first game "The Legend of X", but did not know what the X would stand for. He said that a public relations planner had suggested the name when proposing an illustrated story for the game involving the rescue of a princess who was defined as an eternal beauty. Miyamoto explained: "I couldn't really get behind the book idea but I really liked the name Zelda. I asked him if I could use it, and he said that would be fine. And that's where the title The Legend of Zelda was born."
Zelda was established as a princess in the first game, with few details given about the Royal Family of Hyrule until later games. She is a princess in most games except in Skyward Sword, which takes place before the founding of Hyrule Kingdom. Like Link, there are multiple incarnations of Princess Zelda in the series who are all connected by The Legend of Zelda timeline, which spans thousands of years of fictional history. Each version of Princess Zelda is a descendant of the first who founded the royal line and Hyrule. The instruction booklet for Zelda II: The Adventure of Link establishes that Zelda's name reoccurs because the prince of the kingdom orders that "every female child born into the royal household shall be given the name Zelda".
In Ocarina of Time, Zelda's role was expanded by giving her an alter ego as a surviving member of the Sheikah clan named Sheik (シーク, Shīku). To hide from Ganondorf and protect the Triforce of Wisdom, she disguises herself as a ninja warrior. During the game, she acts as a guide and helps Link on his quest to defeat Ganondorf until near the end of the game when she reveals herself to be Zelda. Sheik's gender was the subject of debate, with some fans believing that Zelda transforms herself into a male character in Ocarina of Time. Nintendo senior product marketing manager Bill Trinen responded that Sheik is a woman: "simply Zelda in a different outfit". In 2016, Miyamoto revealed in an interview that the development team had considered the possibility of producing a spin-off game with Sheik as the protagonist. A game starring Sheik was reported to be in development at Retro Studios but was eventually cancelled.
Another alter ego of Zelda named Tetra (テトラ, Tetora) was introduced in The Wind Waker and its Nintendo DS sequel, Phantom Hourglass. Like Sheik, she plays a major role in the storyline as a young pirate captain who helps Link to find his sister, Aryll. In this incarnation, Zelda is unaware of her royal bloodline until the end of the game. Her true identity is revealed when the Triforce of Wisdom is restored, which results in her physical transformation to her Princess Zelda form. The Phantom Hourglass follows on from The Wind Waker with Link and Tetra exploring the sea to find new land. Tetra is captured on a Ghost Ship, and Link must defeat the Demon Monster Bellum with the Phantom Sword to save her. In a 2011 interview with GamesRadar+, series producer Eiji Aonuma commented on the possibility of Tetra reappearing within the Zelda series: "Personally, I really like the character, but the director on the DS games after that, Mr. Iwamoto, said he didn't really like her, so he didn't want to use her".
Character design
Official artwork created for the original game depicted the character dressed in a long pink gown wearing a necklace and tiara. Artwork for Zelda II: The Adventure of Link was similar and depicted her with red hair. For the development of A Link to the Past, Zelda was originally designed wearing a sci-fi themed outfit to correspond with an early multi-world game concept, but this was eventually scrapped. For Ocarina of Time her royal dress was designed with a tabard featuring the Sheikah coat of arms and the Hyrule royal family crest.
In the anime-inspired video game The Wind Waker, Tetra's hair was designed as a swirl to mimic the wind and smoke in the game. Her alter ego contrasts with Zelda's traditional appearance in the game as princess wearing long hair and royal dress.
During the development of Twilight Princess illustrator Yusuke Nakano tried to portray the princess as a pensive character, "as if she's wondering about something". He drew illustrations of Zelda with feelings of "hopelessness and anxiousness", but tried to avoid depicting her and Link "too full of gloom and doom".
In Skyward Sword Zelda was presented as a student of the Knight Academy instead of her usual role as princess. The designers wanted her to look like a "typical village girl" and aimed to "establish her as a heroine". They removed the royal ornamentation from her head and designed her wearing sky blue and a red dress. They also created Zelda in her goddess form, in which she was designed, "dressed simply, and in white".
For the release of Breath of the Wild, a variety of concept art was considered for Zelda's character design. Fujibayashi commented that Zelda's character was the most difficult to define because while the planners had approached her by thinking about what kind of person she is, the designers took a different approach and considered how Zelda's design could make players feel. The team was so concerned that they repeatedly made refinements to her design until the end of development. Alongside various dress designs, Zelda's image was updated to include outfits that showed her ready for combat, including the final blue blouse and pants that complemented Link's primary outfit. Fujibayashi said that Zelda's shorter hairstyle in Tears of the Kingdom was designed to make her feel more realistic, due to being actively mobile while restoring the kingdom after Breath of the Wild.
Portrayal
Princess Zelda has been voiced by several voice actors, including Bonnie Jean Wilbur in Link: The Faces of Evil and Zelda: The Wand of Gamelon, Brandy Kopp in Super Smash Bros. Ultimate (World of Light only) and Stephanie Martone in Cadence of Hyrule. She is voiced by Canadian-American actress Patricia Summersett in Breath of the Wild, Hyrule Warriors: Age of Calamity, Tears of the Kingdom, and Hyrule Warriors: Age of Imprisonment. Zelda has also been voiced by several Japanese actors, including Jun Mizusawa (Ocarina of Time, Twilight Princess, Super Smash Bros. Melee), Hikari Tachibana (Four Swords Adventures, The Wind Waker, Hyrule Warriors), Akane Omae (Spirit Tracks), Ayumi Fujimura (A Link Between Worlds and Super Smash Bros. Ultimate), Saori Seto (Hyrule Warriors) Yū Shimamura (Skyward Sword, Breath of the Wild, Hyrule Warriors: Age of Calamity, Tears of the Kingdom, and Hyrule Warriors: Age of Imprisonment ). and Chiyuki Miura (Echoes of Wisdom).
In Zelda's Adventure, she was portrayed by a receptionist at the Viridis Corporation named Diane Burns. Zelda will be portrayed by Bo Bragason in the upcoming live-action film.
Characteristics
Zelda is a princess and member of the royal family of Hyrule. In the early games, her role is the damsel in distress for Link to save after she is kidnapped by the series main antagonist, Ganon. She bears the characteristic traits of the Hylians, having elven features including pointy ears. Throughout the series her age has ranged from a child to a young adult who is typically aged 16 or 17 years.
Within the fictional mythology of the series, the first Zelda is the mortal reincarnation of the goddess Hylia. In Skyward Sword, this incarnation of Zelda establishes Hyrule and the bloodline of the Royal Family of Hyrule. Each subsequent incarnation is a direct descendant and possesses the blood of the goddess. Zelda is also associated with Nayru, one of the three Golden Goddesses who create the world in the creation myth of the series. Like Link and Ganon, she is the bearer of one of three components of the Triforce named the Triforce of Wisdom, which gives her the inherent qualities of intelligence and wisdom. In the first game, the Triforce of Wisdom is split into fragments, necessitating Link to retrieve it in order to defeat Ganon. In later games, it manifests itself within Zelda, giving her the ability to conjure light arrows. Most iterations of Zelda have magical powers, such as teleportation, precognition, and the ability to heal.
Throughout the series, Zelda has wielded various weapons. In Twilight Princess she is depicted holding a sword and also fights with a sword in Hyrule Warriors. She is also skilled in the use of a bow, which she uses to shoot light arrows at enemies, such as Ganondorf. In addition to using the Twilight Bow in Twilight Princess, Zelda's signature weapon is the Bow of Light, a recurring legendary weapon in the series.
Relationships
In the mythology of the series, Zelda's role is directly connected to the other two main characters, Link and Ganon. The trio represent the three virtues of the Triforce, a mysterious artifact and prominent icon that is positioned at the heart of the series, with Link embodying Courage, Ganon representing Power, and Zelda possessing Wisdom. Zelda's relationship with Link is ambiguous, with some games, such as Zelda II: The Adventure of Link, Ocarina of Time and Spirit Tracks hinting at the possibility of a romantic relationship between the two characters. Skyward Sword placed greater emphasis on a romantic relationship in its storyline, illustrated by Nintendo releasing an official "Romance Trailer" for the game. Aonuma explained that originally he planned to cut out any elements of romance from the game but decided to keep it in: "it wasn't that we wanted to create a romance between Link and Zelda as much as we wanted the player to feel like this is a person who's very important to me, who I need to find".
Appearances
The Legend of Zelda series
Princess Zelda has appeared in most of The Legend of Zelda games, but there have been several games where she does not make an appearance, such as Link's Awakening (1993), Majora's Mask (2000), where she only appears in a flashback, and Tri Force Heroes (2015). Due to being the titular character, it is a common misconception amongst non-players that Zelda is the protagonist of the series, when she is almost always a non-playable character.
Zelda made her debut in the original The Legend of Zelda (1986), where she is kidnapped by Ganon, who seeks to steal the Triforce of Wisdom. Before her capture, she scatters the eight pieces of the Triforce of Wisdom across the land and sends her nursemaid Impa to find Link, who eventually rescues her. She returns in the sequel, Zelda II: The Adventure of Link (1987), where Link discovers that she has been cursed into an eternal slumber and can only be revived by the Triforce of Courage. Link breaks the curse by retrieving the Triforce and use its power to awaken her. Zelda rewards Link with a kiss at the end of the game. In A Link to the Past (1991), Zelda is one of seven maidens descended from sages who sealed away Ganon during the Imprisoning War, a battle fought against Ganon's army. After being kidnapped by the dark wizard Agahnim, she telepathically pleads with Link to rescue her. After, she and the other maidens assist Link in breaking the seal on Ganon's tower so that Link may defeat the villain. Zelda initially appears as a child and later as an adult in Ocarina of Time (1998). Suspicious of Ganondorf's intentions, she sends Link on his quest to open the door to the Sacred Realm to obtain the Master Sword and Triforce. When Ganondorf reveals his wicked intentions, Zelda flees Hyrule Castle and goes into hiding, giving Link the Ocarina of Time. Seven years later, she poses as a mysterious Sheikah named Sheik and guides him on his quest to save Hyrule's Sages from Ganondorf.
In Oracle of Seasons and Oracle of Ages (2001), Zelda only appears after inputting a secret code that is obtained upon completion. After sensing danger in the lands of Holodrum and Labrynna, she sends her handmaiden Impa to protect Din and Nayru, the Oracle of Seasons and Ages, respectively. In the full linked game, Zelda is captured by Twinrova, who plans to sacrifice her in order to resurrect Ganon, but Link intervenes and defeats him in the final boss battle. Four Swords (2002) presents Princess Zelda as one of many descendants protecting the seal on the Four Sword. While taking Link to the Four Sword Sanctuary, which seals the evil sorcerer Vaati, she senses the seal's power is diminishing and is captured by Vaati, who takes her to his Palace of Winds to marry her. She is again rescued by Link and they seal Vaati away. Zelda's incarnation in The Wind Waker (2002) is unaware of her royal identity and lives as the pirate captain Tetra. When Link's younger sister Aryll is kidnapped by the Helmaroc King, she agrees to help him explore the islands with her pirate crew. Ganondorf discovers Tetra's true identity when the Triforce of Wisdom is repaired. In the final boss battle against Ganondorf, she assists Link by using his bow to shoot arrows of light. In Four Swords Adventures (2004), Zelda fears Vaati's return and attempts to reseal him. While doing so, Dark Link captures Zelda and her six maidens. To save them, Link uses the Four Sword but accidentally frees Vaati. After Link rescues Zelda, Ganon is revealed to be behind the plan. Following Vaati's defeat, Zelda helps Link to defeat Ganon by giving him the Magic Bow.
Spin-off games
Zelda appears in three CD-i games based on The Legend of Zelda series, which were developed out of an agreement between Philips and Nintendo to use Zelda characters on Philips's CD-i format. In Link: The Faces of Evil (1993), she is kidnapped by Ganon and has to be rescued by Link. In Zelda: The Wand of Gamelon (1993) and Zelda's Adventure (1994), Princess Zelda is the protagonist and must save Link. Zelda: The Wand of Gamelon is noteworthy as the first time that Zelda appeared as a playable character. Having been developed with little input from Nintendo, the games have been criticised for their poor story, gameplay and animation and are not recognised by Nintendo as canon.
Zelda is a playable character in Hyrule Warriors (2014) and, according to the game's producer Yosuke Hayashi, was designed to be a stronger character with the feeling of a ruler. Her weapons include a rapier, baton and also the Dominion Rod, which was made available as downloadable content. Sheik is also a playable character and wields daggers and a harp. In addition to her Hyrule Warriors incarnation, Tetra and Toon Zelda (her incarnation from Spirit Tracks) appear in Hyrule Warriors Legends and were added to Hyrule Warriors as downloadable content.
In the rhythm game Cadence of Hyrule, which was released in 2019 for the Nintendo Switch, players can choose to play through the game as either Link or Zelda. The game is a crossover between Crypt of the NecroDancer and The Legend of Zelda series. Zelda has a magical shield to protect her and can use Link's weapons, such as the hookshot and boomerang.
A spiritual successor to Hyrule Warriors, Hyrule Warriors: Age of Calamity, was released in 2020 and designed as a prequel to Breath of the Wild. Princess Zelda is one of several characters from Breath of the Wild that appears as a playable character and fights using the Sheikah Slate and a bow.
Other game series
Zelda was introduced in the Super Smash Bros. series as a playable character in Super Smash Bros. Melee and has appeared in every subsequent game. In Melee and Super Smash Bros. Brawl, Zelda possesses the ability to transform into Sheik. In Super Smash Bros. for 3DS and Wii U and Super Smash Bros. Ultimate, they are separate characters. In Melee her design was based on her Ocarina of Time incarnation, while in Brawl it was based on her appearance in Twilight Princess. The Twilight Princess incarnation of Zelda returned in Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS and Wii U. In Ultimate, Sheik's design took inspiration from the Sheikah Set in Breath of the Wild and her final smash is the Sheikah Dance. Zelda's design is based on her appearance in A Link Between Worlds and her final smash is the Triforce of Wisdom.
Television series
A set of The Legend of Zelda cartoons aired from 1989 to 1990 as a part of DiC's The Super Mario Bros. Super Show. It was loosely based on the original game and centers on Link, Zelda, Ganon and a fairy named Spryte, and also features Zelda's father, King Harkinian. Thirteen episodes were produced before the cancellation of The Super Mario Bros. Super Show. Although Zelda is sometimes captured by Ganon, she is depicted as a smart, resourceful character. The series also emphasises a romantic relationship between Link and Zelda, in which Link is always begging Zelda for a kiss. Zelda was voiced by Cyndy Preston in the TV series. Writer Phil Harnage thought that Zelda's characterisation was ahead of its time and a role model for girls. He said that rather than being a Disney Princess, Zelda was an "action hero in her own right". Preston said that she portrayed Zelda as an independent woman: "She didn't need a hero to save her, and that was so cool". Zelda and Link also appear in season 2 of Captain N: The Game Master.
Comics and manga
Shortly after the release of the first game, a companion manga book was published by Wanpaku Comics in September 1986. "The Hyrule Fantasy" manga was released in Japan and follows the same plot as the game with an expanded role for Zelda. In 1986, a Choose Your Own Adventure style of manga was published, The Legend of Zelda: The Mirage Castle. Published entirely in Japanese, the manga features playing as Zelda and some scrapped concepts, including Zelda's father named King Graham II. Zelda also appears in a similar manga book published in 1992, The Legend of Zelda: The Triforce of the Gods, which is based on A Link to the Past. A comic series published in the early 1990s by Valiant Comics was based on the adventures of Zelda and Link. Like The Legend of Zelda animated television series, which was being aired around the same time, it involves Link attempting to get a kiss from Zelda. A serial comic by manga author Shotaro Ishinomori was originally published in 1992 in Nintendo Power magazine and later collected in graphic novel form. It was based on The Legend of Zelda: A Link to the Past and tells an alternate version of the events. It was reprinted as a single volume in 2015 by Viz Media. Other manga adaptations of The Legend of Zelda games have also been published, including Majora's Mask, Ocarina of Time, The Minish Cap and Phantom Hourglass, which are illustrated by Akira Himekawa.
Gamebooks
Alongside Link, Zelda appears in several Nintendo gamebooks. The Crystal Trap and The Shadow Prince were published in 1992, which were written in the style of Choose Your Own Adventure books. The Crystal Trap focuses on Zelda freeing Link from the trap, while The Shadow Prince involves Link saving Zelda.
Merchandise
Zelda has been reproduced in the form of figurines and plush toys. Various amiibo have been released since 2014 depicting her in several incarnations. Two amiibo of Zelda and Sheik were released for the Super Smash Bros. series in 2014 and 2015. Several amiibo of Zelda have been released for the Zelda series, including the Wind Waker incarnation, the Breath of the Wild incarnation and Zelda and loftwing from Skyward Sword. In November 2023, an amiibo for Tears of the Kingdom depicting Zelda holding the Master Sword was released. A Lego minifigure of Zelda is included as part of a Great Deku Tree Lego set. A second Zelda minifigure was included in a Lego set based on the final battle in Ocarina of Time.
Reception and legacy
Critics and gamers consider Zelda to be a significant video game character in popular culture. The book Female Action Heroes described Zelda as "perhaps one of the most well-known princesses in video game history", though acknowledged that her role in the games was to serve as a damsel in distress. In 2009, she was voted the third greatest female character in games on Nintendo systems by the Official Nintendo Magazine, which appreciated her as "a strong woman who, with her sword and bow and arrow, is capable of holding her own in a fight". In 2016, Digital Spy ranked her as one of the "most iconic female game characters of all time". In 2018, readers of Guinness World Records Gamer's Edition voted her as one of the top video game characters of all time. Readers of the Japanese publication Famitsu chose her as their favourite Tears of the Kingdom character in 2023. Alex Huebner of iMore said that she is a "badass", illustrated by her various alter egos as a fighter in disguise, a pirate leader and a goddess. Ozzie Mejia, writing for Shacknews, chose Zelda as one of the best characters in Super Smash Bros. Ultimate, emphasising her increased speed and dash attack with additional knockback. He also praised her character development within the Zelda series for developing from a passive princess to a strong heroine. Eric Ravenscraft of Wired commented that despite not being the playable character in the mainline series, Zelda is often the driving force behind the story as the embodiment of wisdom and light, and opined that Link is "simply the sword Zelda wields".
Zelda's character development in Ocarina of Time was praised by Richard George and Audrey Drake of IGN, who commented that it was the first time in the series that she was given more depth. They particularly enjoyed seeing her develop from a carefree child to the warrior Sheik as a result of the game's time shifts. Maddy Myers writing for The Mary Sue considered Zelda and Sheik to be two halves of a flawed, complex character, but felt that the game "doesn't seem to respect her much". The Wind Waker was a highlight for Chad Concelmo of Destructoid, who commented on its rare gaming moment of creating a plot reveal in which the pirate Tetra is revealed to be Zelda, which was considered particularly rewarding due to the notoriously repetitive nature of the Zelda series. Tetra was recognised by The Guardian as one of 30 "interesting female game characters", with the comment, "Tetra demands respect and gets it". When reviewing Spirit Tracks, Abbie Stone of GamesRadar praised Zelda's role as a ghost that can possess enemies, as it places her in the position of co-lead throughout the game, and opined that this proves "action and femininity aren't mutually exclusive". Oli Welsh of Eurogamer commented that for most of the game she fulfils a similar role to Navi or Midna by providing hints and comments, but praised the close romance between her and Link that replaces her usual position as a distant ideal. Tom Mc Shea writing for GameSpot focused on the "endearing rapport" between Zelda and Link in the story of Skyward Sword, noting that rather than being a damsel in distress, Zelda is presented as Link's equal and that both characters must make a sacrifice. Jonathan Holmes writing for Destructoid highlighted a particular scene in Skyward Sword in which Zelda communicates her love for Link through her eyes and body language, describing it as "beautiful" and opined that Nintendo had made it an unforgettable moment.
Analysis
In Destructoid, Timothy Monbleau wrote that while Zelda was mostly a plot device and a player goal in the first three Zelda games, Yoshiaki Koizumi's involvement in writing Link's Awakening caused a fundamental shift in the series by producing stronger storylines. He opined that by giving the female character Marin a more intimate relationship with Link, Koizumi effectively impacted Zelda's role in subsequent games by giving her a more active role in the narrative. Brendan Main for The Escapist magazine commented that Zelda's alter-ego Sheik in Ocarina of Time broke the conventions of the character's role because "Sheik is everything Zelda is not". He commented that while Zelda's elegance and femininity had restricted her to being a captive, Sheik's ambiguous gender gave the character freedom, but noted that once Zelda is revealed to be Sheik, she is immediately returned to a captive again. Zelda's evolution from the "princess in peril" was noted by Kyle Hilliard of Game Informer who commented that in most games she is simply a goal for the player to acquire, but in more recent titles she has grown into a more fleshed-out character. Jason Guisao of Game Informer said that although Zelda has the potential to be equal to Link, "Nintendo is attached to tired scenarios where she is captured or immobilized". He opined that she had been sidelined in Breath of the Wild and should instead be leading a new era of fully integrated co-operative play. Jacob Kastrenakes for The Verge opined that switching Link's and Zelda's roles could be possible without requiring Link to be absent, but highlighted that Aonuma confirmed that this idea had been rejected. Sara Gitkos of iMore opined that Zelda deserved her own game due to being "a scholar, a leader, and a fierce princess who takes charge of her own destiny". Jay Castello writing for Polygon described the ending of Tears of the Kingdom as a tragedy for perpetuating the status quo of Zelda's repetitive role in the series, commenting that the gendered elements "appear to skate by simply because this has been going on so long that mentioning them feels blasé". Heather Wald of GamesRadar+ highlighted that Tears of the Kingdom had reignited the longstanding debate about the possibility of Zelda becoming a playable character in the series. NME writer Ali Shutler said it was a "bold move forward" by finally making Zelda a playable character in Echoes of Wisdom and praised her capabilities of exploring dungeons and fighting bosses. Liv Ngan of GamesRadar+ described the game as "bittersweet disappointment" after finding that Zelda had to step aside to make way for Link in the final battle. Ashley Bardhan of Rolling Stone commented that Nintendo was finally recognising the female characters in its franchises and that the game redefines the role of the Nintendo princess by giving Zelda the ability to save herself.
