Antonius is a masculine given name, as well as a surname. Antonius is a Danish, Dutch, Finnish, Latin, Norwegian, and Swedish name used in Greenland, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, part of the Republic of Karelia, Estonia, Belgium, Netherlands, Suriname, South Africa, Namibia, and Indonesia, while Antoníus is an Icelandic name used in Iceland. It is also the source of the English personal name Anthony, as well as a number of similar names in various European languages.
The name is thought to be of Etruscan origin.
Antonius is the nomen of the gens Antonia, an important plebeian family of ancient Rome. Marcus Antonius claimed that the gens was descended from Anton, a son of Hercules. Women of the family were called Antonia. The Antonii produced a number of important generals and politicians, some of whom are listed below. For other persons with this name, see Antonia (gens).
Marcus Antonius (83–30 BC), ally of Caesar, triumvir and afterwards enemy of Augustus. Probably the most famous of the Antonii, his life is depicted in William Shakespeare's play Antony and Cleopatra. He promulgated the leges Antoniae of 44 BC, abolishing the office of dictator, re-adjusting provincial commands, confirming Caesar's acta, and granting provocatio to those convicted de maiestate and de vi.
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Other Antonii
Marcus Antonius, the orator, Marcus Antonius' grandfather (died 87 BC)
Marcus Antonius Creticus, Marcus Antonius' father
Gaius Antonius Hybrida, Marcus Antonius' uncle
Gaius Antonius, Marcus Antonius' younger brother (died 42 BC)
Marcus Antonius, sometimes called Antyllus, Marcus Antonius' eldest son by Fulvia (died 30 BC)
Iullus Antonius, Marcus Antonius' youngest son by Fulvia (died 2 BC)
Antonius Natalis, an equestrian, member of the Pisonian conspiracy against Nero
Marcus Antonius Gordianus I, emperor in AD 238
Marcus Antonius Gordianus II, emperor in AD 238
Marcus Antonius Gordianus III, emperor from AD 238 to 244
Saint Antonius, Father of Christian Monasticism
Other ancient people with the name Antonius
Antonius of Argos, Greek poet, dates unknown
Antonius Rufus, a number of lesser-known men from the ancient Roman empire
Antonius Rufus (grammarian), 1st-century Roman Latin grammarian
Antonius Atticus, 1st-century BC Roman rhetorician
Antonius Castor, 1st-century AD Roman botanist
Antonius (herbalist), 1st-century AD Greek-Roman herbalist mentioned by Galen
Antonius Felix, 1st-century AD Roman Roman procurator of Judea
Antonius Flamma, 1st-century AD Roman governor of Cyrenaica
Antonius Musa, 1st-century AD Greek-Roman botanist and physician
Antonius Diogenes, likely 2nd-century AD Roman novelist
Antonius (philosopher), 4th-century AD Egyptian neoplatonist
Antonius (monk), 5th-century AD Greek monk and disciple of Simeon Stylites
Latinized medieval and Renaissance name
Antonius Agellius (Antonio Agellio; 1532–1608), Italian bishop
Antonius Andreas (c.1280–1320), Spanish Franciscan theologian
Antonius Augustinus (Antonio Agustín y Albanell; 1516–1586), Spanish Humanist historian, jurist and archbishop
Antonius de Butrio (1338–1408), Italian jurist
Antonius Divitis (Anthonius de Rijke; c. 1470 – c. 1530), Flemish composer
Antonius Galli (c.1505–1565), Flemish composer
Antonius Goveanus (António de Gouveia; c.1505–1566), Portuguese humanist and educator
Antonius Mancinellus (1452–1505), Italian humanist pedagogue, grammarian, and rhetorician
Antonius Melissa, 11th century Greek monk and author
Antonius Monchiacenus Demochares (1494–1574), French theologian and canonist
Antonius Nebrissensis (1441–1522), Spanish Renaissance scholar
Antonius Romanus (fl.1400–1432), Italian composer
Antonius Sanderus (1586–1664), Flemish Catholic cleric and historian
Antonius Maria Schyrleus de Rheita (1604–1660), Czech or Austrian astronomer and optician
Adopted name by Roman Catholic clergy
Antonius Subianto Bunjamin (born 1968), Indonesian bishop
Antonius Fischer (1840–1912), German archbishop
Antonius Hilfrich (1873–1947), German Bishop of Limburg
Antonius Serra (1610–1669), Greek Roman Catholic bishop
Antonius von Steichele (1816–1889), German archbishop
Antonius Grech Delicata Testaferrata (1823–1876), Maltese bishop
Antonius von Thoma (1829–1897), German archbishop
Modern given name
Antonius or Anthonius is a common given name in the Netherlands; in daily life, most people with this name use short forms like Antoine, Anton, Antoni(e), Antoon, Teun, Teunis, Theunis, Theuns, Toine, Ton, Tony, Toon and Twan.
Antonius Ariantho (born 1973), Indonesian badminton player
Antonius W.M. "Toon" Becx (1920–2013), Dutch footballer
Antonius J.M. "Anton" Berns (born 1945), Dutch molecular geneticist
Antonius Bouwens (1876–1963), Dutch sports shooter
Antonius van den Broek (1870–1926), Dutch physicist
Antonius Cleveland (born 1994), American basketball player in the Israeli Basketball Premier League
Antonius Colenbrander (1889–1929), Dutch equestrian
Antonius "Ton" Cornelissen (born 1964), Dutch footballer
Antonius van Dale (1638–1708), Dutch Mennonite preacher, physician and writer
Antonius S.N.L. "Toon" Dupuis (1877–1937), Belgian-born Dutch sculptor and medallist
Antonius Ebben (1930–2011), Dutch equestrian
Antonius Eisenhoit (1554–1603), German goldsmith, engraver and draftsman
Antonius Johannes "Anton" Geesink (1934–2010), Dutch judoka
Modern surname
George Antonius (1891–1942), Lebanese-Egyptian author and diplomat
Patrik Antonius (born 1980), Finnish poker player
Soraya Antonius (1932–2017), Palestinian writer, filmmaker
Fictional characters
Antonius Block, the protagonist of Ingmar Bergman's film The Seventh Seal, a medieval knight returning from the Crusades who encounters Death and challenges him to a chess match.